Glossary

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A

AGC

AGC (Automatic Gain Control) refers to the automatic adjustment of the microphone's receiving volume so that the remote users in other calls receive a stable volume level.

ANS

ANS (Automatic Noise Suppression) refers to detecting background noise with a fixed frequency and eliminating background noise.

API

API (Application Programming Interface) is a computing interface that defines interactions between multiple software intermediaries. The API provided by ZEGO includes Client-Side APIs and Server-Side APIs. Developers can implement real-time audio and video by calling the interface.

AppID

AppID is the application ID issued by ZEGOCLOUD Admin Console for each project, and is the unique identifier of each project.

AppSign

An AppSign is a unique string used for authentication and authorization when interacting with a ZEGOCLOUD project through the ZEGOCLOUD SDK. It ensures that only authorized applications have access to the specified ZEGOCLOUD project.

ARQ

ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) is an error-control method for data transmission that uses acknowledgements (messages sent by the receiver indicating that it has correctly received a packet) and timeouts (specified periods of time allowed to elapse before an acknowledgment is to be received) to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable communication channel.

Audio sampling rate

The audio sampling rate refers to the number of times the sound signal is sampled by the recording device in one second. The higher the sampling frequency, the more real and natural the sound is restored. On today's mainstream capture cards, the sampling frequency is generally divided into five levels: 11025 Hz, 22050 Hz, 24000 Hz, 44100 Hz, and 48000 Hz.

B

BGP

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems on the Internet.

Bit rate

Bit rate is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time, in bps (bit per second).

C

CDN

CDN (Content Delivery Network, or Content Distribution Network) is a geographically distributed network of proxy servers and their data centers. The goal is to distribute service spatially relative to end-users to provide high availability and high performance.

Co-Hosting

The concept of co-hosting appears in the live broadcast room scene. There are two types of co-hosting: video and voice co-hosting. It is a form of interaction between users in the room. When you push your own stream through the startPublishingStream interface, you also call the startPlayingStream interface to pull each other’s stream. After the two users have successfully connected the microphones, they can have an interactive call.

Custom video capture

Custom video capture means that the developer provides a custom video input source to the SDK, and the SDK can encode and transmit the source data.

Custom video rendering

Custom video rendering means that the SDK provides an external preview and remote streaming video frame data for developers to render by themselves.

D

Direct publishing to CDN

Direct publishing to CDN refers to the process of publishing audio and video streams directly from the client application to the designated CDN.

E

Earphone monitor

Earphone monitor is the earphone collection and monitoring.

F

FEC

FEC (forward error correction) is an error control method, which means that the signal is encoded according to a certain algorithm before being sent to the transmission channel, and redundant codes with the characteristics of the signal are added. The terminal decodes the received signal according to the corresponding algorithm, so as to find out the error code generated in the transmission process and correct it. This technology improves the reliability of signal transmission.

Flow control

Flow control refers to dynamically adjusting the bit rate, frame rate, and resolution of the push stream according to the current network environment status, automatically adapting to the current network environment and network fluctuations, and ensuring the smooth release of audio and video.

FLV

FLV (Flash Video) is a network video format used as a streaming media format. In CDN live broadcasts, data in the FLV video format will be transmitted to the client through the HTTP protocol, which is called HTTP-FLV.

Frame rate

Frame Rate is a measurement unit of the number of video display frames per unit time, and the measurement unit is "Frame Per Second" (FPS).

H

HLS

HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) is an HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming communications protocol developed by Apple Inc.

I

IM

IM (Instant Messaging) is a type of online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the Internet.

J

Jitter

Jitter is defined as a variation in the delay of received packets.

L

LogUrl

LogUrl refers to the path used to report logs when integrating ZEGO's web platform or applet platform's SDK, which can be used to troubleshoot, locate problems, and configure in the SDK.

N

Network bandwidth

Network bandwidth refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time, and the basic unit is bps (bit per second).

Uplink bandwidth refers to the data transmission rate when the user's computer sends information to the network, and it occupies the upstream bandwidth when pushing the stream.

Downstream bandwidth refers to the data transmission rate when the network sends information to the user's computer, and it occupies the downstream bandwidth when playing the stream.

P

Packet loss

Packet loss occurs when one or more packets of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. Packet loss is either caused by errors in data transmission, typically across wireless networks, or network congestion. Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent.

Push multiple streams

Pushing multiple streams refers to the technology of pushing multiple streams at the same time.

Q

QoS

QoS (Quality of Service) is the description or measurement of the overall performance of a service, such as a telephony or a computer network or a cloud computing service, particularly the performance seen by the users of the network.

R

Relaying streams to CDN

Stream relaying to CDN refers to the process of forwarding a stream from ZEGO's cloud-based real-time streaming server to the designated CDN.

Reverberation

Reverberation refers to the creation of reverberation effects in different environments through special processing of sounds, which can achieve effects in scenes such as concert halls and cathedrals.

Room

Room refers to the audio and video space service provided by ZEGO, which is used to organize user groups. Users in the same room can send and receive real-time audio, video and messages to each other.

1. Users need to log in to a room before they can push or play streams.
2. Users can only receive relevant messages in their room (user entry and exit, audio and video stream changes, etc.).

Room ID

The unique identifier of a room.

RTMP

RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol) is a TCP-based protocol that maintains persistent connections and allows low-latency communication. It was initially a proprietary protocol developed by Macromedia for streaming audio, video, and data over the Internet, between a Flash player and a server.

RTP

RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) is a network protocol for delivering audio and video over IP networks.

S

SDK

SDK (Software Development Kit) is a collection of software development tools in one installable package. They facilitate the creation of applications by having compiler, debugger and perhaps a software framework.

SEI

SEI (Supplemental Enhancement Information) is to pack text information and audio and video content together through a streaming media channel, push it out from the anchor end (streaming end), and receive it from the audience end (pull streaming end). Realize the purpose of precise synchronization of text data and audio and video content.

Stream

Stream refers to a group of audio and video data encapsulated in a specified encoding format and continuously sent.

Stream ID

A StreamID is a unique identifier that is used to identify the different audio, video, and data streams that are being transmitted.

Stream Mixing

Stream Mixing is the process of combining several media streams into one.

Stream Playing

Stream Playing refers to the process of receiving media streams from the ZEGOCLOUD server or CDN and play them on the device.

Stream Publishing

Stream Publishing refers to the process of transmitting media streams to the ZEGOCLOUD server or CDN.

SVC

SVC (Scalable Video Coding) is the name for the Annex G extension of the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video compression standard. The objective of the SVC standardization has been to enable the encoding of a high-quality video bitstream that contains one or more subset bitstreams.

T

Token

Token is a token used to ensure the security of business, and is a dynamic authentication mechanism generated from a set of inputs, which enables access to real-time network resources while preventing unauthorized service access using your App ID.

U

User ID

User ID (User Identifier) is a unique identifier that is used to distinguish one user from another in a system, and can be used to identify users who are streaming or receiving media content.

V

Video encoding

Video coding refers to compressing video by eliminating redundant information in the temporal and spatial domains between consecutive images.

Video resolution

Video resolution is a parameter used to measure the amount of data in an image, usually expressed as ppi.

Acquisition resolution refers to the picture resolution provided by acquisition devices such as cameras.

Coding resolution refers to the resolution of the picture that has been coded.

Virtual stereo

Virtual stereo refers to the use of dual-channel technology to simulate the various positions and angles of the sound source, which can achieve stereo, 3D surround sound, and sound discrimination.

Voice changing

Voice changing refers to changing the input pitch to make the output sound different from the original sound in senses, which can achieve various effects such as changing the male voice to a female voice.